I'm thinking ill go with the all season, probably going to be best but what I'm concerned with on changing to the 225 is weather the 225/50/17 will raise the car making it look funny and the 225/45 making the ride not as good and chance for the wheel to be damaged easier....
The 5cm difference won't necessarily make the wheel or tyre more susceptable to damage. They all have slightly different sidewall stiffness, and I would assume (I have little knowledge of all weather/ snow tyres) that winter tyres have stiffer sidewalls than summer performance tyres anyway.
Really. it's only when you go for a much bigger wheel and get down into the 30- 35 sidewalls that you would suffer.
I think 45;s would be fine. The 225 is just more grip.
I have 235 45 17's on mine and the ride is fine, and we have some pretty bumpy roads.